Property Crowdfunding Position Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Property Crowdfunding Position Paper - Essay Example There are three types of crowdfunding, which include donation, debt and equity. Donation crowdfunding is mostly related to noble causes, where most people decide to invest simply for they believe in the purpose of Crowdfunding. Similarly, debt crowdfunding is based on the concept of peer-to-peer lending process (Mollick, 2014). In debt crowdfunding, the entire process revolves around lending money, wherein the investors expect to receive their interest on their invested amount and thus, gain profits. In this case of debt crowdfunding, along with the financial returns, investors also aim at gaining the benefit of contributing to the success of a particular purpose, which they believe as worthwhile. Additionally, in the case of equity crowdfunding, people invest in exchange for equity. Fundamentally, here the money is exchanged with the shares. Correspondingly, it can be stated that when the funding is successful, the community’s share value goes up, and vice-versa (Bradford, 2012). It is worth mentioning in this regard that both debt crowdfunding and equity crowdfunding can be related to property crowdfunding concepts, wherein investors tend to buy a real estate in order to sell it or let it out in order to obtain profits or returns. Aimed at elaborating on the context of property crowdfunding, the discussion henceforth will elaborate on two main themes, which are property or real estate and crowdfunding. In the view of today’s competitive global business world, crowdfunding in real estate has emerged as a new investment option with secured high returns for many. It was following this augmentation in the rate of property crowdfunding that the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act of 2012 was brought into effect in the US. This new rule was intended to allow all the investors from every income level to gain direct access to the real estate market with the help of crowdfunding.

Advanced Manufacturing Processes I( Laser Manufacturing ) Assignment

Advanced Manufacturing Processes I( Laser Manufacturing ) - Assignment Example This is in the aim of supporting the dental prosthesis i.e. denture, bridge, crown, or facial prosthesis in addition to acting as an orthodontic anchor (Graf, 2014). Usually made of titanium, these are implanted through the biological process of osseointegration, aiding in the formation of an intimate bond to the bone. In general, such a biomedical implant usually comprises of a metal base structure, and a deposit (comprising of a first metal and an anti-microbial material) formed onto a metal base structure wherein the formed deposit is not derived by either electro-plating or anodization. Apart from titanium, the metallic dental prostheses are also made of platinum, stainless steel, gold, tantalum and cobalt-chrome amongst other alloys (Pompa, et.al 2015:1). Typically, implants and dental prostheses consist of a titanium (tooth-root resemblance) screw, having either a smooth or a roughened surface. Notably, most of the dental implants used are manufactured using commercially unalloyed titanium that is available in four different grades. The grades are differentiated by the amount of iron, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon contained. The cold work toughened CP4, containing maximum impurity levels of 0.50% of Fe (Iron), 0.40% Oxygen, 0.015% Hydrogen, 0.10% Carbon, and 0.05% Nitrogen, is the most widely utilized titanium for various bio-medical implants. An auxiliary component such as the Grade 5 Titanium (6AL-4V), which is a bit harder than the CP4; contains 4% vanadium alloy and 6% aluminium. It is mainly utilized in the manufacture of abutments and abutment screws that aid in the implantation process, as well as holding the prostheses in place. The importance of Titanium in bio-medical dental prostheses amongst other functionalities is influenced by core characteristics, which make it highly durable (Gu, Meiners,

The History Of Smartphones

The History Of Smartphones Introduction Mobile phones are amazing device which brings most of the works in a single hand. In the world one quarter of the earths population using a mobile phone. Therefore another mobile phones are Smartphones which are great phones and its a phenomenal .Smartphones are rich mobile personal gateways into the digital universe and its growing and expanding all over the digital world. In the digital worlds its combines content, commerce, computing, and community. It keep the home of google.com, ebay.com, amazon.com, yahoo.com, bbcnews.com, slashdot.com, aol.com, msn.com, and much, much more can brings all the website tools in a single device. Easily we can access the universe through mobile web browser as provided on Smartphones interfaces that make the experience more intuitive, more engaging, and more valuable. And just as the digital universe is steering the evolution of Smartphones, the increasing prevalence of Smartphones will steer the next phase of the evolution of the digital universe. Smartphones are famous for their versatility in a single day a Smartphones may be a contactless wallet, a barcode reader, a satellite navigation system, an email or social network client, a Wi-Fi hotspot, and be used to make a phone call. Given the growing importance of Smartphones, we believe it is important to assess the privacy and security risks of these devices. But only a few years ago, mobile phones were expensive device. Now people can buy easily and no longer dream able device anymore .Mobile phones are the most successful device of consumer electronics in history. Smartphones are now an essential tool in all sections of European society, from top government officials to businesses and consumers. In the UK, Germany, France, Spain, and Italy alone, the number of Smartphones users are increasing day by day (around 62 million users). Lots of e-business companies their monetary value flowing through Smartphones, For example eBay expects 1.3 to 1.5 billion Euros in transactions through the i-Phone app in 2010. History of Smartphone 1984: Psion Organizer II8 bit processor9V battery, it lasted for several months!Develop own applications (OPL-language)Memory extensions, plug-in modules 1994: IBM Simon First real à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Smartphone TouchscreenPIM, Data communication 2001: Nokia 7650First 2.5G phone(GPRS, HSCSD)Light/proximitysensorSymbian OS -Open system! Nokia N95 (March 2007) QVGA display(16,7 Mio. Fabens, 6,6cm) 5 MPixelcamera(Carl Zeiss) Integrated GPS WLAN, UMTS, HSDPA USB, 3.5 mm audio connector, radio, TV-Out, Micro SD-support 120 g, 99x53x21mm In this report we give an overview of the key information and opportunities for Smartphones users. We stress that the risks should be balanced against the potential benefits of Smartphones 1. A description of the many potential benefits in terms of, for example, cost-savings, increased efficiency and a better quality of life is outside the scope of this report. To give just one example however, Smartphones are being used as smart-health sensors, allowing heart patients to stay at home safely, while having their heart issues controlled and monitored by medical staff. In this way Smartphones increase a patients quality of life and, at the same time, save healthcare costs. Dramatic Impact of Smart phones on Personal Life San Mateo, CA, April 13, 2010 Ring Central, which is a cloud computing based business phone system provider, their new survey find out that customers on the changing nature of business communications. The survey included Ring Centrals small to medium-sized business customers around the U.S. reveals that the Smartphone has going to an integral part of their daily life and a dramatic impact on personal life. Survey results provide that intimate relations and Smartphones tied as the number one thing survey respondents cannot live without. Another proof is that an increasingly mobile workforce would rather give up their morning cup of coffee than their Smartphones. The majority of people in the city they are using Smartphones as compared to home phone or office phone. On the other hand Smartphones are using more than computers for business and also encroaching on computers as well, more than 25% of surveyed showed that using the Smartphone more than the computer for business. In fact, nearly 8% dont even take their laptop when they travel for business if they carry their Smartphone. We can say that Smartphones are the new resolution in every single day in our personnel life and business. Smartphone is Primary Business Phone From survey find out that more than 45% of their phone communication via Smartphones. And nearly 80% of the surveyed showed that people are using the Smartphone as their primary business phone. Coupled of Years ago, laptops came qas a new era of working remotely. Now a days, cloud based systems and Smartphones have dramatically filled this trend and providing different kind of facility and access tools what helps to the people to do instead of physical office work they can carry all of work in a single hand. The nature of business are changing and its no longer dependent on location because of increasing demand for fingertips technology, which has increased the demand for professional business communication systems that are designed for a fully mobile workplace. Information Security Risk of Smartphone Consumer The phone is an integral part of a persons daily life e.g. private phone-calls, social networking, messaging, navigation, gaming, online banking, on-the-go entertainment, location based services, Internet browsing, micro-blogging, email, photography, video recording, e-health, etc. Employee The Smartphones is used by an employee in a business or government organization. It is used for business phone calls, Internet browsing, corporate email, expense management, customer relationship management, travel assistance, contact management and business social networking, video conferencing, scheduling tasks, and reading documents. In some cases workflow applications are run on the Smartphones, e.g. to fill in forms as part of an employee task. High Official The Smartphones is used by a high or top-level official in a business or government organisation, or by his or her close aide. The Smartphones is used as in usage scenario E but in addition it is used for dealing with sensitive information and/or tasks. Usage in this scenario is subject to security policies and the functionality of the Smartphones may be restricted or customized, for example by adding cryptographic modules for protecting call-confidentiality. Information security opportunities From an information security perspective, Smartphones have certain advantages over traditional PCs and mobile handsets. In this chapter we give an overview of the main information security opportunities for Smartphones users. Note that any concrete security benefit provided depends heavily in all cases on the extent to which the opportunities are exploited in practice. We have ordered the opportunities taking into account the rating from the experts consulted when writing this report. The experts were asked to rate on a scale ranging from no opportunity, through minor and medium opportunities, to major opportunity. Better backup and recovery Some Smartphones ship with convenient backup and recovery functions to address the risk to data availability of failure, loss, or theft. Smartphones are often well integrated with local or remote backup and recovery services. For example, some platforms automatically back up contacts, calendar or emails to a remote service. Smartphone applications, furthermore, often rely on network-based storage and backup. Overall this can make recovery of data in the event of a device failure, theft or loss quicker and more convenient and increase overall service availability. In some cases, Smartphones can even be located remotely via the network, allowing the user to recover a lost device more easily. Additionally, some Smartphones can be disabled and wiped remotely (and data may be easily recovered by the owner). This combined with above-mentioned backup and recovery services can be used to mitigate the risks associated to theft and loss. Extra authentication and non-repudiation options Smartphones are equipped with a smartcard reader, which gives additional options for authentication and non-repudiation. Smartphones can be used to improve the process of online authentication and provide a mechanism for non-repudiation. Smartphones lend themselves to such applications because: The SIM card used in Smartphones is a smartcard (50) and, with the appropriate software, licences and certificates in place can be used for PKI-based authentication and digital signatures (51). Although unavailability of smartcards and readers is not the only impediment to the uptake of PKI, this feature of Smartphones could be one factor in encouraging the use of PKI and digital signatures for the authentication of users and transactions. Smartphones may also take advantage of the shared secret between the SIM card and the HLR (Home Location Register) using the 3GPP standard Generic Bootstrapping Architecture (GBA). Smartphones may also be used to create one-time-password codes without using SMS or network connections. Extra encryption options Smartphones allow users to use end-to-end encryption for phone calls and SMS more easily. Smartphones come with more processing power and third-party encryption applications are easily available to end-users. For call confidentiality, traditional handset users rely on encryption offered by the mobile network operator. Crypto-modules for additional protection are expensive and are typically only used by top-officials. However several third-party applications are now offering encryption for Smartphones voice calls, on top of the standard encryption provided by mobile network operators. Conclusion Across the technology world, other companies decided they wanted in too. Microsoft built its Windows mobile operating system, which today powers scores of Smartphones, while notable manufacturers like nokia, Sony Ericson and Samsung built devices of their own. Two years ago, apple staked a big claim when it introduced the hugely-hyped iPhone, and Palm shook up the sector again when it introduced its Pre model this summer. Today, Smartphone come in all shapes and sizes. some offer full alphabetic keyboard while others shun physical controls in favour of a touch-screen. Indeed, the variety is huge and you can bet that Smartphone will continue to change at the speed of light.

The Runaway Jury by John Grisham Essay -- Movie Runaway Jury Grisham E

The Runaway Jury by John Grisham Takes place in Biloxi, Mississippi. MAIN CHARACTERS Nicholas Easter – (real name is Jeff Kerr) Juror that was a plant on the jury. He and his girlfriend Marlee had money motives. Nicholas molded the jury from day one to vote his way. Marlee – (aka Claire Clement - real name is Gabrielle Brant) Nicholas Easter's accomplice on the outside of the courtroom. Rankin Fitch - Ran the show of high-priced lawyers and consultants for the defendant, Pynex (tobacco co.). Directed all the illegal proceedings going on outside the courtroom for the defendant. Durwood Cable - Head lawyer for the defendant team. Wendal Rohr – Plaintiff's, Mrs. Jacob Wood, head lawyer. Judge Frederick Harkin - the presiding justice for this case.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This story was about how two very smart and focused individuals who could manipulate a jury and the defense team in a multi-million dollar legal battle to receive a very large cash payment. The defense was Pynex, a tobacco company, and they had very deep pockets and were willing to pay for the correct verdict. A verdict for not guilty.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story starts with the very laborious job of jury selection. The tobacco industry has on their payroll a man by the name of Rankin Fitch. Fitch foresees the selection of the lawyers and consultants. Fitch and the consultants foresee the selection of the jurors. Each perspective juror is investigated and watched. The defense as well as the plaintiffs want to secure a verdict so they only want jurors sympathetic to their side. Fitch along with Rohr, the plaintiff's lawyer, also had high priced detectives tailing perspective jurors. Anyone who was the least bit wrong for their cause had to be eliminated from the process.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One person both sides couldn't find any information on was Nicholas Easter. He seemed rather neutral which is good for both sides but not being able to find out his past made them nervous. Nicholas had covered his tracks rather well along with Marlee his accomplice. The two of them wanted Nicholas on that jury for personal as well as monetary reasons. Their hard work was paid off because Nicholas along with eleven other people was selected as the jurors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The case had to do with Mr. Jacob Wood. He died in his early fifties from lung cancer. The plaintiff was trying to prove that the lung cancer was directly caused f... ...t she would double their money in days.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As Nicholas was swaying the jury towards a plaintiff verdict, Fitch was finding out about Marlee's true past. Her mother and father both died of lung cancer and they were heavy smokers. This was Marlee's pay back for her parent's deaths. She got money from Fitch who was the tobacco co. and then doubled it by playing with cigarette stocks. She then would really hit the tobacco co. where it hurts with a large verdict for the plaintiff. It would be a double bang.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The verdict came in, the jury found for the plaintiff $2 million in compensatory damages and $400 million in punitive damages. The vote was 9 to 3 in favor of the plaintiff. Nicholas slipped into the night and had a Learjet take him to Marlee.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Six weeks after the trial ended Marlee showed up where Fitch was eating lunch alone. She gave Fitch back the $10 million since she already made her money from using it in the stock market. She explained to him she was returning the money because it wasn't hers and that she did this for her parents. She told Fitch she would always be watching him and if they went to trial again she and Nicholas would be there in some way.

Gender in The Storm, by Kate Chopin Essay

Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Storm,† is a story about adultery, focused on a housewife by the name of Calixta, who is expected to undertake household chores as the principal goal of her everyday life. The woman had had a flirtation with Alcee years before the story took place. Chopin informs the reader about the current situation between Calixta and Alcee: â€Å"She had not seen him very often since her marriage, and never alone† – certainly for the reason that the woman was not expected to see a man who was not her husband very often, and by herself. The woman has suppressed emotions and passions for Alcee, who too is married to another. The fact that she has suppressed emotions is revealed by her unspoken permission granted to Alcee to have a sexual encounter with her. She does not resist the encounter. However, being a man, Alcee is the one who begins to touch the woman as a way to start the sexual encounter. The woman responds with â€Å"generous abundance of her passion (Chopin). † At the same time, Calixta’s husband is at the general store where he probably went to fetch viands for the household and has been stopped by the storm. Thus, the story uses gender to inform the reader about perceived gender roles during the time it was written. As mandated by her gender role, it is perfectly normal for Calixta, a housewife, to be engrossed in housework while her husband is out. She is sewing a cotton sheet and involved in other household tasks when the storm arrives. She is airing out her husband, Bobinot’s Sunday clothing on the porch. Her husband is visiting the general store with their son, Bibi, because he is expected to purchase goods for the household, being the man of the family and the breadwinner who must keep account of the household purchases and buy only that which his family truly needs. If Calixta had gone to the general store instead, perhaps she would have spent indiscriminately and unwisely. Thus, men and women have different roles to play in â€Å"The Storm. † When Alcee arrives at Calixta’s doorstep to seek shelter from the storm, it appears as though the woman had been sleeping through her housework. Chopin writes: â€Å"His voice and her own startled her as if from a trance†¦. † What is more, the woman has been so focused on her housework that she begins talking excitedly about her work at first. She also talks about preparing her house for the storm. It is her responsibility, after all, to stay in charge of the entire household while the man of the house is away. Hence, she has to gather up the cotton sheet she had been sewing before the arrival of Alcee. With no housework left between the man and the woman, they are prepared to play their gender roles in a sexual encounter. When Alcee grabs the woman close to himself, Chopin describes Calixta’s first reaction thus: â€Å"Bonte! She cried, releasing herself from his arms encircling arms and retreating to the window†¦ If I only knew were Bibi was! † After remembering for a brief moment her marital role that demands her to stay faithful to her husband in her sex life, through which she gave birth to Bibi, Calixta easily submits to Alcee’s sexual move. As a man, Alcee was required to make the first sexual move. As a woman, Calixta had to submit because she desired the man. Furthermore, as a woman she was required by the perception of her gender to try modesty at first by resisting the sexual move. Once she has stopped resisting a sexual encounter with Alcee, Calixta gives in to the experience by thoroughly enjoying her sexual role just as Alcee takes great pleasure in his. After the sexual encounter and the storm, Alcee leaves Calixta’s house, and both appear happy as they smile through their respective gender roles, which apparently have been played rather well and would continue to do so. When Calixta’s husband returns home, she pretends as though nothing extraordinary has happened. Things get back to normal. Calixta never thinks about relating the experience to her husband. As a woman, she cannot dream of discussing the experience with her husband. Alcee, on the other hand, returns to his own house to write a letter to his wife stating that he is enjoying himself very much, and she too must enjoy her vacation. As a husband, Alcee is required to keep in touch with his wife, informing her about his state so as to touch base. Like Calixta, Alcee also does not mention to his spouse that he had had a sexual encounter with another. Rather, both the man and the woman are required to stay faithful to their spouses. Gender roles are fixed, and so both Calixta and Alcee are expected to continue playing their gender roles in their marriages as well as in society after their adulterous encounter. Neither is expected to share with society any information about the adulterous encounter, because society does not tolerate the breaking of marital norms. Moreover, Calixta is expected to continue being engrossed in her household chores, and sleeping through them when she must. Bobinot and Alcee, on the other hand, are expected to continuing fending for their families, and going to general stores to purchase household goods. When Bibi grows up, he too is expected to behave like Bobinot and Alcee – the breadwinners of their families. Thus, gender roles would not depart from society during the time of â€Å"The Storm. † Works Cited Chopin, Kate. â€Å"The Storm. † 1898. 20 Oct. 2007. .

History of nursing in nigeria and united states of america

According to Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria (2005) , the detailed history of a profession that combines scientific principle , technical skills and personal comparison can't be precisely relayed but records hold that nursing came to limelight in 1854 when the mother of professional nursing , Florence Nightingale started the battlefield with other 38 nurses and cared for the sick and injured men during the Crimean war in England.Here persistence dedicated services, day nd night , experiences paid off by making her famous and recognized as a lady with lamp. Her metric service resulted to the beginning of professional com/5-rights-of-nursing-delegation/">nursing. Though, nursing in the early days was primarily a family matter with mothers caring for their own families or neighbors assisting each other.In 1880, the status of nursing was greatly improved and many women including religious order were now involved in patients care. During the era, there are many school of nursing for trained nurse throughout Europe with the first school established in 1836 by arker Theorder Fliedner in his parisn in Kavesworth Germany through the influence of Florence Nightingale the Kareworth school. In 1882, came the first movement for the recognition and registration of nurse.International body were formed Emirgare Royal Births Nurses Council of nurses established in 1893 and international council of nurse was established with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland and branches all over the world. Also in 1926, the British college of nurses was founded. The first African American graduate nurse, Mary E. Mahoney, who promoted integration and etter working condition, for black patients and healthcare workers. Though nursing came to Nigerian through the British colonial master.They provided services and medical care for wounded soldiers at the forth with hospital later the first nursing home in Nigeria in Jericho, Ibadan by the government of the British colonial master Later on , missionaries and their wives came to supplement government effort by setting up mission homes, dispensaries etc and commence the training of nurses in Nigeria, though language barriers, there was no formal training but on the ob acquisitions skills and practical aspect are been rendered by nursing surgery The regional government in Nigeria began the training of nurses by setting individual regional standard in 1949, the school of nursing, Eleyele was established to facilitate the training of nurses, later in 1952 , the university college hospital Ibadan started the training of nurses in a higher standard. In 1949, the nursing council of Nigeria was established to complement the efforts to the various training bodies and creating standards for nurse. By 1965, department of nursing was established in the university of Ibadan to ommence a degree programme in Nigeria. Later on university of Ife in 1972 and university ot Nigeria Enugu also started degree in 1 , at present all t states in Nigeria has one or more school of nursing, midwifery and kind of post basic schools.More degree awarding institution has been granted the licencse to produce degree holder in nursing. Among them are Ahmadu Bello university, zairia. University of Calabar, Calabar, Ladoke Akintola University (LAUTECH) Ogbomoso. Also Private University, Babcok university, Disan Remo: Leadcity niversity, Madonna university among others started degree in nursing. Nurses, according to the ICN code of ethics as reviewed in 2005, have four fundamental responsibilities to promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health and to alleviate suffering. The need to nursing is universal inherent in nursing is respect for human rights, including cultural rights, the right to life and choice, to dignity and to be treated with respect.Nursing care is respectful and unrestricted by considerations of age, colour, creed, culture, disability or illness, gender, sexual rientation, nationality, polities, race or soc ial status. Nurses render health services to the individual, the family and the community and coordinate their services with those of related groups. Before 1981 , nursing was adjudged a vocation in Nigeria, but by virtue of the industrial arbitration panel (IAP ) award of 1981, nursing got the recognition of a full-fledge profession Arising from that pronouncement, the association has been working with the N ; MCN to take nursing to the highest pedestal of professionalism and one of the ways is through nursing education reforms.

Forcing Democracy essays

Forcing Democracy essays When a country is ruled by the people it is said to be a democracy. Within a democracy, the people elect officials, and in return these officials will represent them on important issues. Regardless of their race, gender or religion, this system of government allows every persons voice to be heard. The United States strongly supports democracy around the world for many reasons, but is it their obligation to instill such a government in every country? Helping countries who are struggling to become a democracy is fine; to force those who oppose it, by means of war, is just wrong. Besides defense, the United States should not go to war. As far as going to war for humanitarian purposes, is nothing but a sorry excuse. When did our nation become a baby sitter for other countries? That sort of job should be left for the United Nations to handle. Even then, every possible measure should be taken to keep peace before relying on war to solve situations. History has proven alternatives to war such as treaties, oral agreements, and peaceful political actions. If our country is in the brink of an attack, then by all means we should retaliate, but if there is a way to solve situations in a peaceful matter then that should be our priority. War for any other reason is a politicians sign of weakness and incompetence. Going to war to enforce democracy in other countries is not worth the blood shed of our American troops. As it is, Operation Iraq has totaled more fatalities of our soldiers than any other war after Vietnam. This is a prime example of a meaningless war that has led to a high number of unnecessary deaths. Loss of our soldiers lives for such reason would put the United States at risk because no one wants to die for a lost cause. Because of this, troops will stop reenlisting and citizens would cease from joining the forces. This could eventually lead to a military draft because of the shortage in ...