The Effects Of Stress, Alcohol Outcome Expectancies, Gender, Coping St :: essays research papers

The Effects of Stress, Alcohol Outcome Expectancies, Gender, Coping Styles, andFamily Alcoholism on Alcohol ConsumptionAbstract     One large component of American popular culture today is intoxicant. Acommon stereotype for the effects of alcohol is that as a drug it acts as astress antagonist. This theory was introduced by Conger (1956) as the TensionReduction Hypothesis (TRW). It states that alcohols sedative reach on thecentral nervous system serves to reduce tension, and because tension reductionis reinforcing, people drink to escape it (Marlatt & Rehsenow, 1980). Why do wedrink, when do we drink, and how more do we drink? This research provide determinethe correlation between total weekly consumption of alcohol and perceived stress,alcohol outcome expectancies, gender, coping styles, and family history ofalcoholism among undergraduate students. Do people drink more or less whenstressed? Do alcohol outcome expectancies lead to higher(prenominal) or lo wer consumption?Is a history of family alcoholism positively or negatively correlated topersonal consumption? Do the tested variables take mediating or moderatingroles in stress-related drunkenness? This research will determine the answers tothese questions, and determine the strength of the correlations, if any.Introduction     The main question that this statistical model will answer is as followsIs there any correlation between drinking and gender, alcohol expectancies,family alcoholism, stress, and coping styles?Gender     It has been demonstrated that significant differences exist between thedrinking patterns of men and women (Hilton, 1988). In a survey of US drinkinghabits conducted in 1988 by the US National Center for Health Statistics, Dawsonand Archer (1992) showed that there are three areas illustrating genderdifferences. The first is the actual number of male and female drinkers. Thestudy showed that 64% of men versus 41% of wom en were current drinkers. Second,men were more promising to consume alcohol on a daily basis (17.5 grams of ethanolper day versus 8.9 grams for women). Third, men were more likely to beclassified as levelheaded drinkers. In fact, when the classification measure of a"heavy drinker" was changed from five drinks or more per day to nine drinks ormore per day the limit of male to female heavy drinkers increased by a factorof 3.Stress     Are the theories mentioned above about stress-induced drinking accurate?There meet been studies which disprove the Tension Reduction Hypothesis. Forinstance, in a study by Conway, Vickers, Ward, and Rahe in 1981 it was foundthat "the consumption of alcohol among Navy officers during periods of high jobdemands was really lower than the consumption during low-demand periods."Additionally, some drinkers have been known to consider alcohol as a tension

The Original Style of Jon Scieszka :: Biography Biographies Essays

The Original Style of Jon ScieszkaJon Scieszka has an original style that is every(prenominal) his own. Many of his books such as The True Story of the 3 olive-sized Pigs, The Stinky Cheese Man and Other Fairly Stupid Tales, and The Frog Prince go along have led several people to believe that he has created a new genre of childrens literature using unique perspectives to retell classic nance tales. But what motivated Scieszka to become an author? And how does he come up with his innovative ideas? I will answer these questions by discussing Scieszkas many inspirations including his teaching career, students, and his family. Scieszka began his have sex for books early on in his life when he and his mother played out time together registering. It was during these times that one of his favorite authors emerged. Dr. Seuss stood out because he was the foremost author that I realized was a different person - that in that respect actually was a person who wrote the book (Scieszka). I t was then that he decided that creating books for others to read would be entertaining. He did not give this idea much design until after he became an elementary instructor. That was when he reconsidered the idea of writing childrens books.As a second grade teacher he learned many things rough children including what kind of books they enjoyed and which ones did not even keep their attention. As Scieszka himself said, ...theres nothing more nifty than a group of second graders sitting on the floor. And theyll tell you if they dont equal it, or if its boring, or if its stupid, or if it doesnt make sense (Scieszka). This helped to shape his ideas as to what would be interesting and fun for children to read. Students have done more than just advocate him to write. Many have helped give him ideas. In Math Curse after her teacher tells her that almost everything has math involved in it the narrator discovers how true the rumor is as her world explodes into a giant math problem. S cieszka credits this idea to around of his less accomplished students and how they perceive math (Scieszka).Another source for his ideas comes from at bottom his own house. His own daughter has unknowingly inspired him on at to the lowest degree one occasion. When she was small she enjoyed the popular story of The Gingerbread Man. After an endless arrive of times of rereading the story Scieszka wondered What would happen if the lady ran out of gingerbread and had to make him out of something else?The Original Style of Jon Scieszka Biography Biographies EssaysThe Original Style of Jon ScieszkaJon Scieszka has an original style that is all his own. Many of his books such as The True Story of the 3 Little Pigs, The Stinky Cheese Man and Other Fairly Stupid Tales, and The Frog Prince Continued have led several people to believe that he has created a new genre of childrens literature using unique perspectives to retell classic fairy tales. But what motivated Scieszka to become an author? And how does he come up with his innovative ideas? I will answer these questions by discussing Scieszkas many inspirations including his teaching career, students, and his family. Scieszka began his love for books early on in his life when he and his mother spent time together reading. It was during these times that one of his favorite authors emerged. Dr. Seuss stood out because he was the first author that I realized was a different person - that there actually was a person who wrote the book (Scieszka). It was then that he decided that creating books for others to read would be entertaining. He did not give this idea much thought until after he became an elementary teacher. That was when he reconsidered the idea of writing childrens books.As a second grade teacher he learned many things about children including what kind of books they enjoyed and which ones did not even keep their attention. As Scieszka himself said, ...theres nothing more discriminating than a group of s econd graders sitting on the floor. And theyll tell you if they dont like it, or if its boring, or if its stupid, or if it doesnt make sense (Scieszka). This helped to shape his ideas as to what would be interesting and fun for children to read. Students have done more than just inspire him to write. Many have helped give him ideas. In Math Curse after her teacher tells her that almost everything has math involved in it the narrator discovers how true the statement is as her world explodes into a giant math problem. Scieszka credits this idea to some of his less accomplished students and how they perceive math (Scieszka).Another source for his ideas comes from within his own house. His own daughter has unknowingly inspired him on at least one occasion. When she was small she enjoyed the popular story of The Gingerbread Man. After an endless amount of times of rereading the story Scieszka wondered What would happen if the lady ran out of gingerbread and had to make him out of somethi ng else?

Effective Communication :: essays research papers

Effective communication is vital in teaching. Fento standards encourage teachers to select and organise relevant information clearly and in brief present information to learners clearly and in an appropriate formatUse a range of communication skills and methods appropriate to specific learners and to the subject universe studied. (www.fento.org)The necessary information that we as practitioners are trying to impart to our learners needs to be transmitted in such a way as to fade as many barriers or elements of interference as possible. However there can be numerous factors which hinder the message that we are trying to convey. This is concisely encapsulated by Petty The check and correct phase also provides vital feedback for the teacher. Is learning taking place? Am I teaching too right away? Are they doing it properly? The importance of this feedback cannot be over-stressed. (Page 30)Petty here was recognising that a common barrier to learning is that the receiver may interpre t the message that we guide in their own way, according to their common frames of reference, which may be different from ours as the sender. An easy trap for us as practitioners to fall in is the utilise of jargon. There may be terms or words that we may use regularly and are comfortable using, however, some of our learners may not have experienced or even understand these terms. To help to minimise this confusion Reece and Walker suggest that Non verbal signals or even verbal signals, from the students should repay us valuable feedback on the quality of communications. (Page 271) Therefore we as practitioners must be vigilant in recognising the subtle or even not so subtle feedback on whether the information that we have imparted to the learners has been received in the context that it was sent. This may even include a question and answer session to break understanding. The effective design and use of conventional and ICT learning materials. The availability of new types of re sources and new types of interaction can satisfy different learning preferences and present secondary ways of accessing the same information.Reece and Walker (page 181) A good aid is one which does a point job to assist in the learning of a particular topic for a particular group of learners. But all learners are different. So, what works for one group does not necessarily work with another.Therefore, we must stretch forth to evaluate any resources that we may design and create that it is appropriate for the purpose, each students learning style, ability and understanding.

J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter is NOT Sexually Biased Essay -- J.K. Rowli

J.K. Rowlings Harry Potter is NOT Sexually Biased J.K. Rowlings blockbuster Harry Potter series contains mystery, suspense, compelling language and colorful imagery, magical feats, and real life concerns. These books have managed to get children of all ages reading in a society dominated by computers, television, and videos. However, there have been several critics that claim these books are sexually biased. From the beginning of the first Potter book, it is boys and work force, wizards and sorcerers, who dominate the scenes and get wind the action. This alone does not make these books sexually biased. Christine Schoefer, a freelance writer and concerned parent of three female Harry Potter fans, dissected the books in a brief piece for Salon on January 12, 2000. She claimed that the books are a fictional realm of magic and wizardry that perfectly mirrors the conventional assumption that men do and should run the world (Schoefer). J.K. Rowling did not attempt to portray the world as dominated by men. It is true that the Potter books contain more males. So what? Gi...

Symbols and Symbolism in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Huckleberry Finn Symbolism of The River     Rivers flow freely, and smoothly, and people usually go to the river to escape from society and civilization. They feel free with the nature surrounding them, which allows them to rest, and free in peace. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, Twain uses symbolic importance of the Mississippi River. Through divulge the story, the Mississippi River plays an important symbolic figure, and significance to the storys plot. For Huck and Jim, the river is a place for freedom and adventure. Mark Twain uses the Mississippi River to symbolize freedom, adventure, and comfort.   For Jim he has nothing else to lose. He runs out from Widow Douglass house because he finds out that she is red to sell him off to a plantation in the South. ...I hear ole missus tell de widder she gwyne to sell me down to Orleans... If Jim was sold to Orleans, he would be farther away from the free states, and it would be harder for him to get back with his family. Therefore, Jim escapes to the Mississippi River. He is a runaway slave and there is a $300 reward out for him. His terminus is to reach Cairo, and Huck is going to help him get there. Dahs Cairo...When he got enough he would buy his wife, which was owned on a farm final stage to where Miss Watson lived and then they would both work to buy the two children... For Jim, the river represents freedom and poverty. Huck agrees to help Jim by following along on his journey to Cairo. Jim depends on the Mississippi River and believes it will lead him to his finding of his family. Thus, the Mississippi River symbolizes freedom.   Huck follows along with Jim down the Mississippi for an adventure. I reckoned I would slip over the river and find out what was going on...couldnt I put on some of them old things and dress up like a girl? Huck and Jim has been on the river for couple of long time and Huck wants to know whats going around town. He dresses up like a girl and goes to a house near the Illinois shore, but the woman in the house suspects him to be a boy and he gets caught.

Agape Love Essay -- essays research papers fc

What is neck? I remember a time when I bop you was the hardest phrase to say to the person you really had feelings for because you knew when you said those words it would change the course of your relationship forever. But what is the true meaning of wonder? The dictionary defines fill out as a feeling of strong personalized attach-ment induced by sympathetic understanding or by ties of kindred ardent affection for champions children mans adoration for God strong liking fondness good will, al love of learning love of country. ( buzzer, pg. 10) According to Bell all of these definitions convey the outward appearance of love. He says that when looking at love that we need to take an inventory of our feeling to find out if we are truly displaying the type of love that God calls agape love. Bell says we need to ask ourselves the following questions Do I return love? In every relationship love is a two way street. A marriage or relationship will not last very long if yet one pers on is showing love and the other is not responding in kind. As a matter of fact, a spiritual relationship works in pretty much the same way. The bible says that God first loved us, but if we do not return that love to Him the relationship may diminish. As a Christian we must first love the unsaved person just enough to go to them and share the good news of the gospel. Then after that person has received the gospel of Jesus it is then up to them to accept it and return the love by giving their life to Christ. Ministry is the first stage of this deepen of love. (Bell, Pg 11) The second question is Do I try to force love? Since the beginning of time God has always given man a alternative or free will. We have a free will to love Him. A free will to obey Him. And a free choice to do His will. As a matter of fact God does not even force His love upon us. Anytime love has to be forced you may as soundly just call it rape. Even in personal relationships love cannot be forced. If love is forced, it usually results in the person rejecting the love altogether. Christian love does not demand love in return, but it does open the pathway to receive love if love wants to be given.The next question is one that is very personal to me because it is something that I have to work on improving and that is Do I express love regularly? Sometimes it is easy to take the people you love for granted. We sometimes assu... ... of justice and kindness and devotion pray and fast without fainting, and spend all of our time in some form of religious worship if the things that we do were such to get us a name throughout the world, and make us famous to all future generations, it would all be in unserviceable without sincere love to God in the heart. Furthermore, we understand that it is not the external work done, or the suffering endured, that is worth anything but yet it is the extent of love that is displayed that means something in the sight of God.BIBLIOGRAPHYBell, Donald A. In Chri stian Love. Convention Press Nashville, Tennessee (1968).Edwards, Jonathan. Charity and Its Fruits Christian love as manifested in the heart and life. The Banner of integrity Trust London (1969).Evans, Anthony T. Returning to Your First Love Putting God Back in First Place.Moody Press Chicago, Illinois (1995).Lea, Thomas D. The New testament Its Background and Message. Broadman &Holman (1996).Ellsworth, Roy Mail Call Prisoners Need Love Too. The Ellsworth Letters ChristianEndeavors (2000).

Four Elements of Transformational Leadership Essay

Organizations emphasize the concept of loss leadership in training managers or group leaders to propel a team or the brass instrument forward. Within leadership, the effectiveness of the transformational versus transactional leader is often debated. Transactional leadership relies more on a give and take understanding, whereby subordinates have a sense of duty to the leader in exchange for some reward. Transformational leadership, on the other hand, involves a committed relationship between the leader and his followers. In 1985, industrial psychologist Bernard Bass identified and wrote virtually four basic elements that underlie transformational leadership. Ads by GoogleStanford Exec. LeadershipWhere innovation and visionary leadership meet. Learn More.gsb.stanford.edu/SeniorLeadershipIdealized InfluenceTransformational leaders act as enjoyment models and display a charismatic personality that square offs others to want to become more like the leader. Idealized influence can be most expressed by means of a transformational leaders willingness to take risks and follow a core set of values, convictions and ethical principles in the actions he takes. It is through this concept of idealized influence that the leader builds trust with his followers and the followers, in turn, develop confidence in their leader. Inspirational MotivationInspirational motivation refers to the leaders ability to thrill confidence, motivation and a sense of purpose in his followers. The transformational leader must articulate a clear vision for the future, communicate expectations of the group and demonstrate a commitment to the goals that have been laid out. This aspect of transformational leadership requires superb communication skills as the leader must convey his messages with precision, power and a sense of authority. otherwise important behaviors ofthe leader include his continued optimism, enthusiasm and ability to point out the positive.

Samsung Marketing Plan

Samsung Background Samsung is a Korean order that has risen to prominence in many fields all over the years. The size and the scope of the company is almost unimaginable, as they are one of the largest and most diverse companies in the world. While the company is mostly known for their technology division (cell phones, radios, MP3 players, computer screens, and the like) they have many other divisions as well. The company has expanded from a humble storefront launched in the late 1930s to the largest company in Korea and the second largest company in the world.Samsung Group, was founded in 1938 by Byung-Chull lee side, a celebrated Korean entrepreneur. Lee started a small trading company with a $2,000 nest egg and 40 employees. He called it Samsung, which means three stars in Korean. The company enjoyed moderate growth before the Communist invasion in 1950 constrained Lee to abandon his operations in Seoul. Lee established a sugar refinery in 1953, a move that was criticized at t he time because sugar could be easily obtained through American aid.But for Lee, the act was important because it was the first manufacturing facility built in South Korea after the Korean War. From sugar, wool, and other commodity businesses, Lee moved into heavier manufacturing. The company prospered under Lees philosophy of making Samsung the leader in each industry he entered. In addition to the electronics division, which is the most profitable and winning one in the world, the company also has forayed into finance, chemicals, retail, and straight-up entertainment all with great degrees of success.The company employs many of South Koreas finest employees, including many with PHD level education. This is not surprising, seeing as the companys assets total somewhere around $300 billion. The company has some of the most loyal employees around and many work every day that means no holiday time off or weekends both because they want to and it is expected. Samsung as A Learning O rganization A learning organization have v component of knowledge management, there are Culture and Trust Knowledge Worker Supporting Facilities

The Foundations Of National Reconstruction History Essay

On Nationalism, solarizes purpose was to unify the Chinese people to contend for a common cause. This was important for any transformation to take topographic point as it had to affect big multitudes. This meant that the people will h grey-haired to alter their perceptual experiences to see themselves as fellow citizens instead than people from different racial and societal groups. He emphasized that under the new Chinese Republic, no race will be discriminated, specifically indicating step up that the Manchus, even though they were hated for doing China s death, would non be treated below the belt. He in any case highlighted the importance of nationalism for China to be expertnessily offer. Sun hoped that a united community would increase national consciousness and a united people will be powerful to guard of enemies such as the European colonialists that were still busying parts of China. On democracy, Sun explained the system of democracy and what political alterations w ere traveling to take topographic point. He challenged the legitimacy of the old monarchies of China in which he bring upd that the societal groups in which one individual was considered superior over the other is against the rule in which all realnesss are equal. He besides explained the demand for a democratic authorities and argues for the formation of a Chinese fundamental law. Finally, Sun explained his positions of Livelihood. In the economic system, Sun explained the state of affairs of the Chinese economic system and highlighted alterations in the economic system, chiefly explicating the demand of province ownership in order to avoid income inequality. Sun besides explained on the demand for three revolutions that will finally take China to a fully fledged democracy. In this part Sun besides drafted his idea of the future cardinal authorities of the Republic of China, which will dwell of five boards to guarantee cheques and balances in the authorities and forestall any functionary from existence also powerful which may endanger democracy in China.Sun this as a political statement on China s furtherance. This document reiterates the third Principles of the People in which he mentioned in 1905 2 . He besides highlighted the incompetency of the old system of authorities in the text file and besides his positions on the importance of a revolution. The address s intended audience was the Chinese people, to inform them on how China was traveling to travel frontward to Reconstruction of its state after the blue period during the stoping old ages of Qing Dynasty. The papers was written in 1923, at the clip when Sun had made merely finished his last exile and had eventually became the de facto leader of the Republic of China. 3 Despite the triumph of the 1911 revolution of China when the Qing Empire was overthrown, the new democracy was a failure. Democracy was non achieved and it was mired by moody corruptness. Sun became the probationary presiden t of the Republic of China for a short period of four months and so power was handed over to kwai Shikai. Yuan Shikai, being a power-hungry individual was more interested of consolidating his ain power than anything else, seting China into farther confusion. 4 After Yuan s decease, China came to the epoch of warlordism, which factionalized China. 5 Hence in 1923, Sun had wanted to repeat China s demand of advancement and growing to travel frontward re-emphasise the exalted ideals of the revolution. The papers he wrote is in a optimistic tone given that the papers written seems to portray that Sun belief that his three rules will convey about victor in China s Reconstruction. These rules besides show that Sun wanted the future coevals to retrieve him as a symbol of China s success, which had brought Chinas out of its worst times towards a bright hereafter.Based on his papers, it can be seen that the 1920s was a clip of great adversity and a period of muss in China. At the period of warlordism, China was broken up into many different coteries. Warlords were invariably contending each other for districts. The economic position at that period was awful the warlords had wrecked the financial system of China and greatly hampered any patterned advance in the economic system. 6 Hence, the papers attempted to supply solutions to the assortment of jobs in ChinaHowever, the article s optimism seems to be slightly ill-conceived given the desperate political, economic and societal world faced by China during this period. It was ever traveling to be hard to accomplish the ends stated in the papers. An illustration was Sun s hopes that different ethnicities in China would see themselves as fellow citizens and handle each other every bit. 7 This was hard because China had a really long fib of factionalism, where people saw themselves as portion of a race or a societal group alternatively of a united people. 8 It would be a tall order to anticipate every racial and societa l group in China to alter. Furthermore, some racial groups differ greatly in civilization and linguistic communication. An illustration of this would be the Han Chinese and the Tibetans who are still non able to screen out their differences today. In fact, when the papers was written, China was still in the Warlord epoch and hence at that place was already a immense challenge of eliminating the different military coteries before any success on patriotism is was possible. This optimism is besides undermined by the deficiency of any concrete programs Sun had to further patriotism in China.Another high spot in the papers was the horizon of province ownership, which Sun felt was the manner to travel frontward instead Capitalism. Sun s thought of province ownership instead than traveling towards orphic ownership at the beginning of the democracy, was the logical measure to take because Capitalism needs to hold a solid foundation before it can be implemented and China did non hold this in 1923. Besides, Capitalism is a Western economic system and therefore following Capitalism was likely to tie in his authorities with the powers which were looting China during this period of clip, and therefore would de-legitimize Sun s government.Sun had made mentioned illustrations of Europe and America significantly in the papers. This was due to Sun s esteem of its advancement and success in political and economic cabals. . This had therefore encouraged him to look to the West to retroflex their theoretical account in accomplishing a successful republican democracy that he wished China would be. Hence, Sun wanted to follow some of these Western systems to China. Even the three basicss that he had mentioned in the papers were similar to that of the Gallic slogan, Liberty, Equality and Fraternity 9 . Furthermore as Sun had studied in the West, he was really influenced by Western instruction manual and saw the success of the West because of its strong sense of Nationalism, effec tual democracy and well-run economic system. Hence, these factors convinced him that some theoretical accounts from the West needed to be For Sun, being imperfect was the extreme importance and he felt that advancement could merely be achieved through autonomy and democracy 10 and hence this influenced his policies stated in the papers that foc apply on these countries. Sun had desperately wanted advancement because it was a instead pressing issue in China. One of the factors was likely due to the advancement of another East Asiatic state, Japan who was already economically and politically advanced as compared to China in 1923.If China does non come on it might stay taken for granted by westerners and Japan who were already busying parts of China, merely an betterment in China s state of affairs could let it to be stronger against these forces. Furthermore, China was employ to be a proud and powerful state and alternatively of being occupied and shamed, it used to hold tributary pr ovinces whose states used to be subservience to its emperor 11 . Hence, China was a proud state and Sun s purpose was to reconstruct this pride of the Chinese people. Its retardation was condition in China. Sun therefore see the importance of advancement to recover its strength in international dealingssThis papers therefore of import as it was used as a footing of administration in the old ages to come when China was under the Kuomintang. However, in Mainland China today, it influence is limited because it was taken over by the Chinese Communist Party during the civil war, the Chinese authorities still upholds this papers as the rule of its state s fundamental law. 12

Bags

BAGS Whole document is based on my observation of purses at places, eon and culture. I boast tried to critic altogethery give out and examine that how quite a little wear bags at different places same lanes, parks, shopping center, rail counselling station and how their unconsciousness of mind changes the style of carrying it for example people hold their bags tightly in the railway stations its non because somebody is stealing their bag at that moment still in trulyity people argon scared of rob pockets present in the surrounding and moreover announcements which are being siree again and again has left a mark on peoples mind.Now even sometimes you nonice there is no announcements going on that still people carry their bags so tightly as if they are going to be robbed, it just because of unconsciousness of mind which is ruling ones body language. I gull also observed different types, shapes, sizes and colors of bags, and tried to approximate the hidden meanings behin d the scene, different perceptions and use value of the bags.Lets take an example of fashion orientated women which I apply observed in the gally lafatte to them a flyspeck clutch in hand or back pack slung over shoulder, never mind what is inside in it, the thing which matters to them is a bag, which tells their unhurt liveness story, her reality and her dream. This type of demeanour pattern is may be because grips are visible on the body and gives the wearer chance to show off and publically cite their status, fashion statement or inspirations like Channel, Hermes silently.Today when you walk into any(prenominal) luxuriousness grease store any where in the world, you will find yourself surrounded by millions of identical bags who have disoriented their meaning since they are commode produced as Marx says, Abstr sham member of species identical by definition with its other member. (Taken from class handout) In simpler words, today buying a luxury brand handbag is an e xercise in banality, where you walk into the well appointed store pass the chic desirable security guards, see different peruse what is on display, choose one of them, pay bill and walk out with your purchase.The shopping experience may have been pleasant but in the end it was not a different experience then going to the H&M, ZARA or GAP, except from the price. There is cryptograph unique virtually the handbag the brand has churned out thousands of them, absolutely identical. But this occurrence cannot be ignored that the handbag, which has been brought temporary satisfies our desire and makes us feel special(a) by this thought that we own something, which is socially recognized and well perceived by the materialistic auberge who recognizes a person from its possessions owned.Despite this worldly feeling which excites us that we ignores the fact that bag which we have brought might not be able to fulfill exactly what we desired or excepted to be in our mind in the first plac e going to the shop. This can be only possible if we place a special order to have something custom do especially for us, according to our offer list. Practically speaking in present world there are hardly few companies who produce like this.Hermes would be the perfect example to question but they are extremely expensive out of the range of ordinary person so what you get in usual cases is a ushery -to -carry bag. Hermes bags on display in the store are just display models to show options, you choose the material, order according to your desired size, color and shape. Then you wait for several(prenominal) months until it is made according to your specifications. When it arrives in the shop they invite you to pick it up, it your bag because of its unique style of making it.When I visited Hermes store I realized intimately of the designs have been around for century and they still have long waiting list not because they are in fashion but in factual they never go out of the fas hion. Hermes bags dont have logos because bag themselves are sufficiently recognizable. They convey the image of old money, crafts pieceship and elegance _ even if those who carry them have neither. They are luxury discreet symbol of wealth and success.It divine services us to belowstand what luxury once was and what it is no longer. Handbags have induce an intoxicating lure, which we dont realize but it in reality it is killing every single women from inside who cannot afford to buy. Their obsession to have a bag is mounting to such great extend that even dont bother from where it is coming, only what matters to them is bag and how they can have it regardless of this fact that whether their pocket is giving them permission to purchase it or not.This time when I went back to the Pakistan I observed some girls who belonged to a very reasonable family but this bags lust badly hooked and disturbed them to such great degree that they started to work as prostitutes just to earn enoug h to get a Channel, Dior or Hermes bag. I grapple it sounds bit unrealistic but unfortunately it is bitter reality of this cruel society, who have pissed off those poor girl under the pressure of so-called in conclusion society where if you dont carry a nice expensive bag, then you dont have a rightfulness to socialize because there persons are not one who meet with each other its actually things who are displayed on the show.This whole drama ordered increases the importance of a bag that it why automatically gets surrounded by thick clouds of wealth and privilege or in simpler words its a way to show off yourself to the society that you are doing well, despite this fact behind the picture that how much you have sacrificed to buy a bag. Once I read a very interesting article written by English journalist during London fashion week in 2006, Everybody-everybody is talking about handbag with the intensity of cardinal appointing a new POPFrom this we can imagine how serious bags ar e taken regardless about which culture east or west you are talking about. Women obsession with logos has become such a big part of western society that contemporary artists riffed on it, they states these luxury brands often creates great dis cheer. Understanding bags phenomena today is not an easy question to answer, it is actually very complicated in a highly complex society where its use values iffer with time-to-time or person-to-person, even if I take my example I might also use my Never spacious (LV BAG) for various purposes. darn going to the university I always use that one because I find it more practical, spacious, strong ideal to put my books and lap sack up rather then my Armani bag which is new latest above of all its in my favorite color red but still I like to use my Never full more while I am traveling or going to university reason behind might be, that it provides me grater level of comfort and enable me carry my gormandize easily.Where as in night when I am goin g out with my friends, I might prefer to use Armani bag or may be Never full but this time its meaning, purpose would change as it will be more like a fashion statement and interpreter of my personality. To me my bag says everything about myself_ my taste, my style, in short it explains my whole life history and at the same time it represents my present thoughts prevailing in my mind, my mood swings and so on From here we can analyze this small thing bags have become necessity of our lives, which is actually more like our mirror image reflecting unsaid things about us to the society silently.Most interesting thing is that people not only understands this ideology but also responds to it. So we can conclude like this from street bags like H&M, ZARA and MANGO to Haute couture collection, handbags have become carriers of the secret, signifier of power, status and beauty for women or we can say it other way around as it is a keeper of the equipment of daily life which have been strongl y influenced by technological and societal changes such as the development of money, jewelry, transportation, cosmetic, smoking, cell phones and role of the women in society.In this wonderful modern world of bags in which huge array of different designs and colors have made ones life more complicated, instead of giving pleasure to own something it has become source of displeasure. Even a richest lady cannot afford to buy all desired designs and colors of bags, because everyone has certain limit to purchase things which does not allow her to have all unlimited designs displayed in a market.Every women is badly in love with handbags but they feel reluctant to express themselves thats why they take shelter of different excuses for example once I heard a women saying that I pay high price for Hermes or Louis Vuitton bag, because their high quality makes it timeless, radiates richness, glamour and excellence_ even if it is but it does not mean you are paying hundreds of dollar for these factors ignoring your pending credit card, electricity, phone bills to make up for the alligator skin.Have we ever thought why we do this even when our pocket doesnt permit us? Is it really principal(prenominal) to prove our financial status or power from bags, do we? Personally for me the answer is no, you buy a bag to satisfy your desires, acquires and wants _not to show off or to prove somebody that you have power to purchase a bag. I think real power is gaining government sights raising healthy kids, leaving an abusive relationship, fight against corruption. Thats real power. Power isnt that poor, dismembered crocodile youre lugging around everywhere you go.If you have Hermes or LV bag thats good for you nobody has to do something with its thats all about our mind, who thinks you have succeed in this world trust me no one even bothers and nor you suddenly gain status in life or neither your nose turns from it natural position to more elevated position. Seriously to me having an expensive bag will never help you to gain respectable position in the society its your behavior, good deeds and nice gesture towards other which actually succeeds in the world not these bags.I dont know how even a reasonable educated women think like that, why they dont understand this simple fact that how a man made thing can make once personality on the whole, I am not denying this truth that to some extend it contributes to once guess but we cannot give full credit to it. If we will then to me its like you are not giving any room to the rest of the factors education, your brought up and moral values which you have been given by your parents. Dont feel from my argument and observations that I am against of handbagsI am just opposing wrong behavior pattern, which is being developed by this so-called society in which we live and we dont realize it, but this problem is growing day by day it has become serious matter of life and death which need to be considered. I know women wit hout her handbag feels as lost as a wanderer in the desert because I am also one of them but it does not mean that we should forget everything just go out in a search of nice Hermes leather bag. After all we have other social responsibilities, which should be cater on first priority.Basically handbag is the portable base for supplies or a depot of women expected needs. These eventual needs may reach out to a degree far beyond any mans power of imagination and becomes a mysterious dungeon. The typical handbag of typical women contains a certain number of fundamental things, plus her soulfulness touch, it is that individual touch that fills the bag. Some item is pretty sure to roll out the moment the bag is opened. Every womans handbag is lost and found department in itself. It is strange, but things actually disappear there, as by magic.And then few minutes later, it finally reappears on the surface later on three or four investigations. Most funny part is that every man knows abo ut this two-minute drama, which is repeated almost everyday in life, Heaven, I must have lost my watch, or my keys, that important letter It usually has a happy ending by saying, Oh I found that. Nothing gives a man more self-satisfaction than such an experience, which explains whole myth of the superiority of men is built on the fact that a man never carries a handbag.Moreover it help to develop mans relationship with her girl even more stronger when he lifts her bag while she is get a lineing on clothes in try room, going to public toilet and she doesnt want to carry it, when she is holding his baby or too tried to hold it while shopping. This whole act of holding a bag shows a kind and sweet gesture of a man being developed on these bag phenomena, which played a role of bridge between two people, thus bringing them even closer to each other. In order to have offend understanding of what is a bag? , How serious they are taken today?What is the current status? _ Hunting these an swer since last two months finally I ended up with an experiment of my theories about bags and how people perceive it, moreover further analyzing how their behavior changes with the power of bags. I went to galle lafate several times in different clothing styles and bags, I wont take individual brand name because I feel as I am singling or pointing out any particular one among all which is unfair-there what I observed was the treatment gap is likely to occur in almost all luxury retailers based on consumer possessions owned.First I went in carrying a really old bag, which I even dont remember myself when I used that last time along with this, I wore my last year faded jeans which is almost out of the fashion now days but on the top I wore really nice shirt which I recently brought from Zara, what I noticed was complete ignorance from salespersons who were passing me weird looks and they might be thinking in their mind who let me in this luxury store because my physical appearance re flected an image of below then average class girl who even dont have a right to see these things but in reality that time I was carrying 500 euros in my bag.Then second time I went in wearing the same jeans with last year top and carrying a regular nice bag which I usually use for everyday grocery or random shopping with three hundred euros in it, what I felt this time was quite similar to first one complete ignorance but with little improvement this time there were not passing me those weird looks which were quite embarrassing thank God.Then next time I went there wearing that same jeans and a really old top on it but this time I was carrying my Never full LV bag _you wont believe it what happened the moment it stepped in the same brand shop were I went before I heard hello from the sales person who was standing right on the front, seriously I was so amaze to see that because she was the same one who passed me such wired looks and now she was greeting me as if I am a princess. In fact whole time she was there to attend me. Trust me suddenly whole world fell under my knees, asking again and again that how I was doing? Or whether I need some help? I was not dressed any more expensively- in fact I was wearing clothes that would hardly cost 25 euros but the empty bag from inside was only one thing that people could see from outside. Seriously if I had been gone naked carrying my LV bag, I dont think anyone would stop me or ask me to leave. Of course, this was a strictly informal and non-scientific test, and Im sure that sales persons at stores would have been happy or at least compelled, if not enthusiastic to help me when I was carrying my regular or old bag and they might have tended to(p) me if I had approached or asked them to help me.But from this experiment I got a very clear message that bags are likely to be one of the most important accessory even more important then our clothes which normally persons look upon and decide whether we are worthy of pos itive attention and interest by others or not? In short bags is a big deal and understanding that how you should dress largely depends on our bags. So we can conclude this whole experiment by saying, yes bags have an ability to change once perception about you. And In this so called- perfect world where its really difficult to judge once mind because society in which we live isnt without flaws, so for the time being if you want to survive in this materialistic world its better to settle the situation by having nice branded bag to show others you are doing well, even if in reality you are not but it doesnt matter because you have shelter of your branded bag under which you can hide your reality.I know this is silly to hear but unfortunately this is an easiest solution so far I am able to find, if you really want to be treated as respectable person in this brand conscious society, where they look your bag first and then decide whether to talk or not. From the beginning, I knew this wa s going to be the result but when it happened actually I went into the shock aft(prenominal) looking such diversified behavior, which would be even better to say, two opposite ends of ones personality you can see from this bag phenomena.I would like to sum up my whole document by summarizing what Marx and genus Benzoin thinks about bags in todays world and what I have perceived about bags from my last two months observations. Marx is a sociologist and Benjamin is one of his followers, they both focuses on the things taking place in everyday life and strongly rejects the idea of expanding mass culture which is tied to industrialism. They posture act of creating an object (for example a bag) as an exercise where worker embodied his sprit to the object and make it special from his feelings, but introduction of mass culture has divorced mankind from the real object.So the bags, which are being manufactured now days are to them, soulless and objectified, Moreover Benjamin feels these b ags on display in luxurious stores like Luis Viton store are scene of destruction where workers stand as customer in the foreground who is not capable of buying it, in short in his believe people are enthroned to merchandised, where they are being manipulated by the objects which are out of their approach and at the same time they enjoy feeling of alienation from themselves and others because their social need are not meet when they forced to work whole day with machines, resulting in soulless ready to carry bags available in the market who have lost their actual meaning.I would totally agree with both of them because I also view quite similar to them, now days in actual society has become classless, objectified and materialistic who only look forward to MONEY AND MONEY that all, zip fastener more then that if you carrying nice expensive bag only then you have a right to breath otherwise not. Seriously I dont understand why is that so? Why a normal person dont have right to carry w hat they like or what suits they budget? Why there is always society pressure on ones decision making? Why they dont they analyze person from its skills and ability of doing something instead of looking upon her bags that how many branded bags she own? I know these questions are very frustrating and cannot be answered quickly at once because people behavior pattern vary a lot with time-to-time, person-to-person, culture-to-culture but all it ends at one point obsession of bags and its growing aridity to have more and more.

Application of Criminological Theory Essay

This paper leave behind focus on the application of criminological surmisal in the following scenario As the vice principal in charge of discipline at a prestigious school, I need to understand what actions to take in dealing with a deviant eighth grade male student. This student comes from a disadvantaged socioeconomic background and has now been caught in a physical altercation with an another(prenominal) student. My direct supervisor, the principal, accepts it is in the students best interest to re master(prenominal) at our school.As I am in charge of discipline, I go fall out suggest several possible courses of action, incorporating criminological theories, to be used either singly or in tandem. The jump course of action would be to speak to both of the students involved in the altercation and in turn, their parents. Although it is not an excuse, it is possible that there was some instigation previous the altercation. Speaking with both students may paint a picture as to t he nature of what transpired and how it could have been avoided. In any case, both students will be reprimanded as we have a zero tolerance policy for such acts here at the school.To properly understand the deviant student, lets call him David, it will be necessary to find out more about his background, soci competent and family ties, accomplice influences, general demeanor, and any goals or hopes he has. I dissolvenot simply enlighten David as a juvenile delinquent or a future criminal. To label him may do more harm than good. Labeling Theory The labeling theory asserts that erst an individual has deviated from the social norms of society, they are labeled as a delinquent or a criminal, and begin to behave as such (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2011).In other words, if David is continuously labeled by the school, his peers, and society in general as a juvenile delinquent then he will begin to believe it himself. His self-esteem and self-worth will go down and he will begin viewing himself as a juvenile delinquent. Once David has accepted his label, he will begin to engage in more and more deviant acts. So it is important here that I am sensitive to his situation and avoid place a label on him for one discretionary act. Social Disorganization Theory We know that David comes from a disadvantaged socioeconomic background.It is likely that he lives in an environment where social ties are unretentive and delinquent peer groups are abundant. Such communities have a higher(prenominal) crime rate and a higher rate of delinquency, as explained by their weak social bonds. Socially organized and tight-knit communities are more likely to supervise and avow teenage peer groups where socially disorganized communities are not (McCord, 1992). External factors such as lack of supervision and a weak social bond may be contributing to Davids delinquency. Unfortunately, the school can do little in the way of careing him and his family out of their community.However, creating a social bond of sorts here at the school may help David move from a perhaps delinquent peer group to one more conscientious of social norms and societal laws. I would suggest trying to get David involved in a sport or another social club at the school. Again, finding out what he is interested in is an important part of helping him. We want David to feel socially accepted and increase his self-esteem. Learning Theories Learning theories suggest that antisocial, deviant, and criminal expression is not instilled in an individual, but learned through moveions with their environment and peers. Because of their individual circumstances, some people learn and practice behaviors that the larger society condemns. Not surprisingly, children exploitation up in neighborhoods rife with crime often end up clotheting crime themselves (Barkan, 2009). It is essential that David associate with peers that follow and respect societies rules. The theory of differential intimacy attributes an indi viduals attitudes and views of crime and deviance to that of their immediate social groups.In other words, if Davids peer group is deviant, he will be deviant as well. Another explanation for that follows the theory of differential identification David may feel the need to fit in and be accepted as a member of a group. By acting like the group he has chosen to fit in to dressing like they do, speaking the way they speak, and kind in the same deviant activities they engage in, he gains their approval and is accepted as part of the group. In the same manner, David is learning deviant behavior because he is exposed to it on a regular basis.He may see violence and deviance as a social norm (and therefore pleasant) because in his immediate environment it is a normal occurrence. Finally, through differential reinforcement, this learned behavior is reinforced through reward or praise from his peer group. possibly he sees frequent violence in which the person blameting the violence is n ever reprimanded. If David believes he can commit these acts with little fear of reprimand or with the encouragement of his peer group, he is more likely to do so and not even feel like he has done anything wrong. inform is a place with many rules and many types of interactions with different people. Clearly what is acceptable in Davids home environment and peer group is not acceptable here. It is important that he understand what is right and wrong in this setting and furthermore, in society. I will likely suggest that David speak with the schools psychologist to pose how much learned deviant behavior he has experienced. This will also give him an opportunity to bond with someone who respects social norms and laws. see to it TheoriesUnlike other criminological theories, subordination theories set out to learn not why individuals commit crime, but why they do not commit crime (Akers & Sellers, 2004). Davids meeting with the school psychologist will also shed some light on where h e measures using some of the control theories. The containment theory introduces the possibility that there are internal and external influences that guide an individual away from committing crime. Internally, that individuals confirmative self-image and tolerance for frustration help lean them from becoming deviant.On the other side, external influences like positive role models and a close family bond will do the same (Barkan, 2009). Travis Hirshis social bonding theory had several explanations for the behavior of juveniles. These explanations included supported research that found that youths who were backbreakingly attached to their parents were slight likely to commit criminal acts and youths who maintained weak and distant relationships with people tended toward delinquency (Evans, n. d. ) One final addition to control theories, although there are several more, is the coercive control and social support theory.This theory, in short, states that an individual is coerced int o crime either through fear or through other means, such as poverty. Whether that individual has strong social support from family, their community, and social institutions such as school, has a large impact on the likeliness that the individual with commit crime. While each of these control theories introduce several ideas about why individuals may or may not commit crime, one similarity is present throughout. The front of a strong social bond with friends, family, and community encourages a crime free existence.To encourage David to head down the right path, so to speak, we need to ramp up his social bonds. Life-Course Theories Life-course theories focus on what factors occur during different stages of ones life that may promote delinquency or crime. These factors include socioeconomic status, poor and inconsistent parenting, weak social bonds, poor school performance, and delinquent peers. (Barkan, 2009). The recurring theme across the life-course theories is that it is weak s ocial bonds, poor parenting, and the influence of delinquent peers that determine an individuals susceptibility to deviant behavior.Strain, or stress, result from an individuals perceived inadequacies making them even more susceptible. Such punctuate can be caused by any number of the causal factors of delinquency listed above. A young and impressionable individual such as David may experience strain because of his socioeconomic status, his difficulty at the school, or many other reasons. The more strain one experiences, the more likely they are to display deviant behavior. purpose I fully support the principals decision to keep David at the school as it truly is in his best interest.My final disciplinal decision regarding the physical altercation between David and the other student will include several days of in-school suspension where both boys will be able to serve out their punishment while still completing school assignments, separated from the rest of the students of cours e. I am compelled to reach out to David and give him any opportunity to reform. I will be speaking with the teacher who made the initial complaint regarding David to explain to them that he is in need of a positive role model and positive reinforcement.A visit with the schools psychologist will also be made. Not only will this give David an mercantile establishment to perhaps discuss his problems, it will also expose him to another positive influence and someone who can help him cope with any anger issues he may have. Introducing David to positive and close social bonds is already decreasing the chance that he will engage in more deviant behavior. Suggestions will be made that he engage in a sport or other social clubs at the school. This will encourage David to interact with a less deviant peer group.There will also be a meeting between David and myself. I will explain to David that his current behaviors are unaccepted here at school and any further infractions will be dealt wit h swift and more severe punishments. Once that has been discussed, I would like to find out more about what goals David has. In doing so, I can help motivate him to obtain these goals. My intention is to make it clear to him that I am there to help with any issues he has and that he can feel comfortable coming to me, or any other school staff, if he needs to.In closing, the main goal here is to help David by introducing positive role models, making him feel socially accepted to increase his self-esteem, strengthen his social bonds, and encourage him to interact with people in a more positive way. If nowhere else, a school should foster these values to reduce a childs likelihood of delinquency. ? References Akers, R. , & Sellers, C. (2004). Student Study Guide for Criminological Theories Introduction, Evaluation, and Application (4th ed. ). Los Angeles, CA Roxbury Publishing Company.

Area of knowledge Essay

It can certainly be argued that though lyric poem and emotion play vital roles inwardly any area of familiarity, it is within history that it manifests itself the clearest. History as an area of knowledge presents an opportunity to explore the implications of both(prenominal) language and emotion, and their effect on understand history. The understanding of such information is integral to resolving one of the key knowledge issues regarding history the question of whether it is possible to attain or communicate knowledge through history that is free from filters and biases. The answer to this question is crucial to the further comprehension of what is history as a whole.But before examining language and emotion in the context of history, it is important to define what exactly these words are describing, and understand the values and limitations of both of these ways of knowing separately. Language is defined as a rule-governed, intended form of communication and is one of the m ain ways of attaining information of the external. It is reusable for conveying concepts that are intangible, such as that of history. However, it is merely a tool, a vehicle by which information can travel, and is subject to ambiguity, vagueness, and bias. Emotion as a way of knowing is often defined as a mechanism which gives intuition and helps decision making, but is also commonly cited as an obstruction to knowledge. These two ways of knowing have a great relate upon the acquisition of knowledge in history.One could argue that without language, thither would be no history or historical knowledge. Such a bold avowal can be made for a variety of reasons, one being primarily that unlike emotion and sense perception, two others way of knowing, language is the most(prenominal) able tool in the transfer of knowledge across time. And unlike reason, language can qualitatively describe as well as delimitate the experiences of individuals in a way that reason cannot fully emulate. O ne does not need to be (or rather, cannot be) at the decisive Battle of Iwo Jima to know there was an Allied victory, knowledge that sense perception and emotion could not derive. The utility of language is that it enables us acquire knowledge of the external efficiently.This is not to say that language is the perfect mechanism for knowledge transfer in history. As stated to a higher place, language is a tool that, once interpreted, will lead to biases as both the sender and receivers paradigm will contribute to a certain predisposition regarding any topic spoken. It allows us to label and generalize, to set up a conceptual marchwork based on relativity. Arbitrary time frames can be set up within history, such as sooner Common Era, which when considered seem quite useful in that it allows for quick citation, but is also perplexing. How exactly did people define the Common Era?To refer to a date in relation to the death of one man allows us to further question why this particular man was chosen. Again this ties into the bias with language, as anyone referencing BCE is undoubtedly predisposed towards Western thinking. Even I retain these biases as well, always confused momentarily whenever I am exposed to the time frame established in Thai culture, such as 2553 (which is coincidentally also referenced to the death of another man). It appears that although language can and does lead to historical knowledge in methods that other ways of knowing cannot, language can never lead to truly object glass lens information precisely for the same reason that it is useful it is all relative to the paradigm which one is under.The impact of labeling and generalizations also touches upon the realm of emotion and its effects upon history. The age-old adage proclaims that history is written by the victors1 and the victors will more often than not think positively about themselves but not of their opponents. For example, during my Thai history class, my teacher will go at gre at lengths to explain the courageous nature of the Thai people and the savagery of the Burmese for invading our land, and yet do a complete about lay out and call the occupation of Malaysia and Cambodia as a noble conquest. This invocation of pride and patriotism is a variety of emotion known as nationalism. And it is this nationalism, or a similar emotional feeling of loyalty, that has fueled much of current history.If language is the tool with which we talk about history, emotion is what caused us to talk about it in the first place. The statement that is being suggested is that the course of human civilization for the past ten thousand years can be charted with the emotions, on the basis that existence are not perfectly rational. Emotional attachments to kingdoms, countries, or governments caused many to go to war scientific advances were fueled by the undying joy associated with innovation decade Smith proposed capitalism to compensate for the inherent greed within us all. In deed, a more specific import would be the destruction of the World vocation Center on September 11, 2001AD.The attack upon the US caused uproar, an escalation of foreign policy security, and a worsening of relations with the Middle East. The many religious motives for such an event leave no doubt that it was based off of emotion, but it remains unclear what the main cause was for. Again, it appears that to mark history as objective facts becomes progressively hard as the subjective emotions that one has muddle the cause for events. One cannot state that a certain event in history occurred because of another particular(a) event rather, one must say that it was the amalgamation of these that caused any event.In essence, it appears that emotion and language both play a key role in history, one for it and one about it. However, it seems that these two ways of knowing interact with history in such a way as to make the objective deduction of historical knowledge difficult. Though one can argue that the imposition of conceptual frameworks and the emotionally fuelled decisions are not mutually exclusive with an objective history, it remains that within any human society there will exist a paradigm, a filter, a bias.And in these items will lay prejudice. A quote by Friedrich Nietzche summarizes this To the extent that man has for long ages believed in the concepts and names of things as in aeternae veritates he has appropriated to himself that pride by which he raised himself above the animal he really thought that in language he possessed knowledge of the world. We may pride ourselves on being more civilise than animals and for having language, but it is foolish to assume that with only these tools that we have gained any knowledge of the world apart from our own.

Personal Transformation in Times of Dilemma

M whatever wonder what causes wiz to change a change of psyche. It happens in times of struggle and dilemma, when the line between right and ill-timed is skewed. much everyplace the cause of one to go against what they previously valued is as unique as the situation itself. In the humbug Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, these transformations are seen in characters of all backgrounds. Their Jump from one end of the ideological spectrum to the other is what the figment aims to spotlight. Many are put in situations of constant stress and conflict, which seem to bring out a more unfamiliar disposition.This instability brings the possibility of the characters universe psychopathic, more prominently seen in the character Jekyll. When face with moral and ethical dilemma, the characters of Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde experience abnormal personal transformation due to trauma and psychopathic episodes. These dilemmas pushing characters the like the restrained and reasonable Jekyll to become beast-like Hyde. Constantly faced with the moral limits of his inhalation, Jekyll transformed into a valet de chambre with none of his prior values. The most prominent personal transformation in the story was faced by Jekyll.Beginning as a man of order, the pursuit of his twisted medical experimentations drove him to become an adapted being. The altered being was Hyde, a man without the restraints and gentleman-like qualities that defined Jekyll. Stevensons aim was to attempt to describe the nature of an anomaly, (Rosner. ) Whether the King 2 change Jekyll experienced is capable in all people, or Just a special few, is the capitulum the Stevenson raised. The story featured a wide array of characters to show the many forms of transformation that people bed face.Characters were given ersonalities and ideologies that were applicable to all people of the Victorian era. Utterson, an austere and honest man, along with Jekyll, represent the conservative side of the moral spectr um. The two men are focused and ethically restrained. While men like them were commonplace in the Victorian era, the generally straitlaced culture would likewise take a cost on the mind. Although he was a Lawyer, Utterson found that his ambitions were subdued by societal and personal restraints. He still remained on his original path, up until he became a close friend of Jekyll.Jekyll epresents what could be called moral insanity, (Rosner. ) moral insanity is defined as a morbid perversion of the natural feelings, affections, inclinations, temper, habits, moral dispositions, and natural impulses, without any remarkable disorder or defect of the intellect or knowing and reasoning faculties, (Rosner. ) While ab initio Jekyll may non fit this description, as he continues down his dark path it becomes ever more prevalent. Moral insanity represents Hyde in Jekyll. Hyde embodies mans farthest reach from order and restraint he attacks the innocent on impulse, and uides his flavour wi th beast-like aptitude.This savage nature does not abide well with the culture in which ne lives, as his primal ambitions are quelled by family . This side of Jekyll represents the terminal end of ambition, and the wild come across it has over those who feed on it. The three main characters of the story each represent distinct dispositions untouchable restraint, King 3 strong ambition, and one that is torn between the two. The restrained Utterson is conflicted with the dullness of his everyday life and his ambition to act on the curious life of Dr. Jekyll. He sees the dark temptations that wait for him along that path, which makes him cautious.Hyde represents the burning ambition within Jekyll. Though his intellect remains, it cannot save him from the moral weakness that Hyde originates from. Hyde seeks to take over his other fractional by tempting it with wild ambition and exorbitance. From the extremes of the two previous characters, Jekylls struggle in emphasized. The stress ful dual-life that he lives causes him to drift farther away from the norms of society. The less in touch he got with society, the more he began to pursue his dark experimentations. Hyde gained strength the more this happened, which led to an increase in psychopathic episodes from Jekyll. It was on the moral side, and in my own person, that I learned to recognise the thorough and primitive duality of man was radically both. I had learned to dwell with separation of these elements. If each, I told myself, could be housed in separate identities, life would be assuage of all that was unbearable, (pg. 123. ) Jekyll recalls his history and struggles with the duality of man. He has seen men transformed by the weightings of life, which in turn has spurred one of his own. Throughout the story, Jekyll distances himself farther and farther from societal norms.The self-inflicted alienation, combined with his Hyde personality, make him a psychopath. As his transformation into Hyde continues, so does his psychopathic symptoms. One of Jekylls more prominent psychopathic events is when he brutally clubbed to death Sir Danvers Carew. Sir Carew was a extremity of Parliament and a client of Utterson. Jekyll had no connection with the man. Hyde, having no moral or social mores that pick up be followed, (Sing, King 4 Chakrabarti,) impulsively bludgeons the man then flees. This impetuous act brings to light a ferocious quality looming within Jekyll.He attempts to defend himself, saying l cannot say I care what becomes of Hyde. I am quite done with him. I was thinking of my own character, (pg. 53. ) While Jekyll may believe that the heinous acts Hyde commits distances the two, it actually strengthens their bond. Both Poole and Mr. Guest begin to realize that Jekyll is covering up Hydes tracks, which makes Utterson increasingly distraught over his friend. Such a psychotic event brings about a transformation within Jekyll, by not only feeding Hydes cultivate, but getting himsel f urther entwined with his other self.Jekylls transformation takes place as he alienates himself from society in order to find salvation from his condition. Throughout the story, Lanyon recalls Jekylls pursuit of scientific heresies, (pg 35. ) Though it was clear that Hydes influence was increasing, Jekyll was able to maintain the desire to remain Jekyll. Sadly, that desire contributed to his utter transformation. Focusing on his eccentric studies, he was under constant stress from Hyde and Society. The distress he suffered from caused his mind to weaken.Lanyon saw the consequences ot Jekylls research, stating He began to go wrong, wrong in his mind, (pg. 21 . ) The point at which he went wrong from was the untainted Jekyll, whom Lanyon was proud to be introduce with. What drove the two apart was their personal involvement in the sciences, as Jekyll has much more of a cause to persevere than Lanyon. Now alone, Jekyll let the sciences overwhelm and define the direction of his life. I n his letter to Lanyon at the end of the story, Jekyll describes himself living under a blackness of distress, (pg. 107,) to whichLanyon came to the conclusion that his colleague was insane, (pg 107. ) Jekyll truly crumbled under the weight of his scientific salvation. Not only did it leave him weak enough for Hyde to take over his mind, but it also King 5 contributed to his psychopathic tendencies. Jekylls dilemma tested the boundaries of scientific ambition and ones morals. He showed how those guided by logic and reason can still succumb to ferocious ambition. Stevenson carefully crafted each character of the story to show different ideological standpoints reaction to the same dilemma.Jekylls psychopathic episodes rought about further transformation into Hyde, as well as increased the overall severity of his psychopathy. He was battling the influence of Hyde while also severe to find a cure for his condition. He was different in mental and physical attributes that were constantly at war with each other, (Sing, Chakrabarti. ) Personal transformation was evident in this story, with distress and psychopathic episodes clearly being the cause. Whether or not such transformation is capable in everyone, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde shows that duality is strengthened by distress and psychopathy.

Innovation Prowess Leadership Strategies for Accelerating Growth Essay

Introduction Innovative care is a scheme in which a compevery actr utilizes every(prenominal) the available resources and develops a domesticateing community where ingenuity and groundbreakingness convey together with practicality in order to formulate reforms. Todays fast ever-changing business surround calls for under structure caution which go out stand by companies to acquire their dour term objectives. Innovation concern lead alleviate companies to maintain combative favour. Long term sustainability of a fraternity may be goaded by its ability to expertly direct establishment assets to fitress a swiftly changing economic and foodstuff setting. Innovation precaution takes the activities, decisions and practices that propel an opinion to realization for the rationale of breeding business worth. This cover is about softw atomic number 18 development by Samsung beau monde. The friendship has come up with an modernistic wireless phonograph recording shoot for that is the champion in the Google industry (Day, 2013).Samsung unlike Apple reveal unplayful consumerist skills in the trend of innovativeness. The play along usually manufactures differentiated growths that ensure that consumers hold from variety of Samsung devices. For example, Samsung convergences are of extravagantly whole step with OS and software and therefore thriving well especially in OS and humanoid market. Samsung bear ripe(p) strategic capacity which change them hang about as the greatest threat to Apple. For example, their market strategies are outstanding. They augmented their cost of advertisement from $78 million to $401 million. In addition Samsung association capability is first-class. They luxuriouslyly believe in providing population with opportunities to excel. They slot in the five hub set in every go through taken which enable them to prosper. They are dedicated in ensuring that they are socially and surroundingsally liable w herever they are operating from (Michell, 2010).Innovation management is very of the essence(p) owing to the fact that Samsung Company have to work under tight budget and the increased demand from the customer who prefer high quality products and services at low-priced sets. Innovation management emphasizes on doing of recent-fangled technologies, products and services. Samsung is besides know as the giant electronic maker, it is homework to launch the advanced wireless disc take up to the android wontrs. The advanced dish aerial fight Crystal Disk Mark chronological read and preserves scores of 300MB/ secondment and 250MB/sec are around tether times as fast as the swiftest hard disks from any former(a) community and the disks LaCies small-file scores are excellent its 300KB and 250MB/sec write and read results of 700MB/sec places the advanced disk drive at the front line. The advanced disk drive is expected to be to a greater extent durable as compared to early(a) d isks. Durability is to a greater extent important than quicken and capacity. Identifying and implementing investments repetitively and effectively make up the spanking purpose of construct management. Various decisions that are fain in Samsung Company affect the victoryion and leveltual success of superior ideas. New innovative ideas moldiness be aimed at solving an existing business problem or growing an opportunity (Ernst, 2007). make change management in Samsung Company follows the following guidelines first, whether the potential construct is aligned with the phoners strategy. Second, how the proposed variousness leave behind add cling to to the customer. That is how the advanced wireless disk drive lead add value to the customer, the third guideline is the amount of investment that is inevitable and whether the investment allow for chip in good returns. Whether the advanced disk drive forget attract much customers? Forth, the possible impact of installation to the real business and whether it would affect the existing returns. Also, the time frame for the effect to be realized and the impact to the business, how the innovation will transmute or disrupt current markets whether the new-sprung(prenominal) idea will generate excess revenue or reduces operating cost, the differentwise guideline is how the latest innovations mitigate existing or body-build up new obstacles to competition and finally whether there is an effortless access to the competencies required to apprehend the new idea.The new strategy that Samsung Company should slip in when launching the advanced wireless disk drive is ready strategy. They should employ customer-based pricing. Samsung Company is well-known for hasty production of differentiated products therefrom penetration pricing will work best. The purpose of penetration pricing is to enlarge market share of the product. Samsung Company by the delectation of penetration pricing will be able to swot up prices once they penetrate the market. The new strategy will draw many customers to buy the wireless disk drive and another(prenominal) products. The long term gain is that Samsung will accomplish a higher market share as compared to other rivalry companies in the industry. Samsung products are somewhat differentiated and owing to price inelasticity of demand in the market this new strategy will work best for Samsung. This will be a very competitive tool for Samsung as they launch the advanced wireless disk drive and other innovative products. Retrieved from HYPERLINK http//www.samsung.com/africa_en/aboutsamsung/ http//www.samsung.com/africa_en/aboutsamsung/Samsung Company is conversant that innovation management requires an innovation framework that will enable effective and repetitive change which will increase the capacity of the caller to generate high quality goods and services. Innovation encourages the need for quick change and rejuvenation, potentially affecting all secto rs of a caller. Samsung does not engage its workers in long operative hours like Apple and Google since they believe in innovativeness. Transform is usually opposed which calls for necessary rewards and incentives to endorse the required innovation. The weekly goings and workshop with the police squad of 8 members will be very significant since it will help me to diagnose the hindrances to innovation in the confederation (Arguden, 2011).The workshop and meetings will be exceptionally rehearseful in understanding how verified framework to make the association more inventive. The workshop and weekly meetings will help us to find out examples of appropriate practice in innovation management and compose an perform plan that will boost the innovation performance of the fellowship. The other chief benefits of holding weekly meetings and workshops in Samsung Company include gain awareness of how to develop excellent ideas that tension on adding value to the customer. For example , Samsung is planning to launch the advanced wireless disk drive and other products such as coltsfoot S4 and Galaxy S5. Samsung operates under the philosophy of people first. Second, help to gain self-assurance to manage the beau mondes admixture and shield the most innovative ideas. Third, help people to gain capacity to borrow ideas from chief management group for the companys innovation action plan. Third, help individuals to gain ability to endorse an organisational tillage that embraces creativity and innovativeness. It to a fault helps to increase the alertness of apposite application of strategies so as to improve company presentation. Finally, help to build up confidence to communicate about the need for innovation and how to achieve it (Chang, 2008).The new idea of advanced wireless disk drive must offer competitive advantage to attract new clients, maintain existing clients and cut- cut out the production cost with an aim of maximizing profits. Innovation is not hard but it is a complex process which involves change. Change on the other hand necessitates assureing. noble improbability and likelihood makes innovation management very complex, since it calls for the learning speculation to be concentrated on the areas of alteration that represent the highest possibility or uncertainty for gradual sustainability and intensification of the company. For more than 70 years, Samsung has accented on advancing the founding through diversification that has led to advanced engineering science fashion, skyscraper, hotels, medicine, petrochemicals, semiconductors, pay and plant construction. Samsung Electronics go forth takes the top position in the global market in hi-tech digital media and electronic manufacturing. done innovative, reliable services and products, talented personnel, collaboration with customers and other stakeholders, and responsible approach to business and global citizenship, Samsung is touching the world in imaginative new com mands (Bessant, 2009).There are several external and internal triggers cladding Samsung Company however, there are many potential solutions to these problems. Three pillars of innovation must withal be considered in development of innovation framework. These pillars include strategy, competency and management. Innovative competency of the company will front on the set of capabilities and the history. Samsung main objective is making a better world through innovation. omnipotent framework is based on commitment and competence which will help the company to propel forward. As the company manager it is vital to come up with strategies in the resource allocation. The strategies will also be significant in improving the existing processes and products, finding adjacencies and discovering totally new markets. A competent securely is required to manage its innovation in an appropriate manner. Samsung have to be hasty in its production so that it can cope with competition from Apple an d Google. people everywhere, regardless of their earnings desire to use superior and innovative products. Thus Samsung Company has to come up with strategies to make their products more affordable to the customers. People have different tastes, budgets, preferences and lifestyles. Through provision of innovative products that offer value for money, the company will meet different needs of the clients all over (Ghemawat et al, 2011).The diversification strategy should focus on ensuring that the new product gives the customers confidence that the product will deliver on its promise so that they feel their money is played out appropriately. Improving brand quality will make business sense and enhance the companys capacity to improve the lives of the low-income customers. The Samsung Company has the necessary resources, skills and the will to produce high-quality products at a lower price which meet the customers demands. Samsung Company must to come up with innovative strategies such as diversification strategy since the competitors are not willing to move back from breakthrough designs, very antiphonary and mass customizing variety strategies among other strategies that enhance production of superior products (Kenny, 2009).The innovation squad will be of great importance since they will help in generation of a set of innovation activities which amalgamates the legal action into a regular cycle of running the company. The following phases in innovation management will dish Samsung to amalgamate the set of innovation activities in order to realize a fruitful end (Trauffler et al, 2007).They includeSetting the objectives for the process Innovation is all about change and starts with a goal in mind. The major(ip) problem is developing a strategy that will ensure provision of quality products at affordable prices which will attract more customers as well as retaining the existing customers. The team of innovation management has come up with diversification str ategy that solves this predicament. Once the goal is place, it will be discussed by all the members in the problem solving team. I am the drawing card of the team being in taper of other 8 members. These individuals are professional functional areas. The team will have weekly meetings and workshops where they will provide feedback and suggestions regarding their personal experience with the companys product and services. I will be the leader of the team and I will oversee all the parts of the process from the beginning to the end (Hill, 2012).Cooperation As an innovation team in Samsung Company we will work together so that rather than altitude separate ideas, we can amalgamate them and develop a collaborative solution. This will be achieved through the weekly meetings and workshops. I have great experience as a manager in the company thus there is no need of hiring a trained business coach to facilitate the discussions. In addition, the prosperity of Samsung Company can be a ttributed to the uphill get by and proficiency of its employees, whose mutual efforts boost the companys competitive advantage and speed up innovation. It is also doubtless that the previous success would have been impractical without the intense interest and packed support from all stakeholders. Retrieved from HYPERLINK http//www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung http//www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsungCombination of ideasThe team highlights the ideas, and then they choose the most suitable ones and then evaluate to see whether they can be faithd to come up with an excellent idea. In deed, bold ideas will be complementary to each other and will combine to a better result. The whole result is likely to intensify with every member contributing to the process. The success of this combined ideas require representative from every stakeholder in the process. This is because these stakeholders are experts and have crucial information that individuals from other departments could not raise. As the team leader I will ensure that every angle of innovative process is covered. The business idea is to develop an advanced wireless disk drive.military rating of Innovation This is a very crucial aspect of innovation management however, it is usually ignored. When the most suitable ideas are fine-tuned, combined, and appareled they should be subjected to peer review for evaluation. This will ensure the efficacy of the idea of advanced wireless disk drive. Deprived ideas will be identified in the evaluation stage before Samsung commits its funds, time and resources to them. Evaluation stage will also help the team to select idea with great potential from the other ideas that seem to have equal chances of success. This is the stage where the innovation team can alter the strategy of innovation with a lot of ease as compared to later stages. The stages after evaluation stage are more costly and thus require a lot of caution. The advanced wireless disk drive will enable customers to access their Media Wirelessly, stream media wirelessly to Tablets or Smartphones among others, customers can also stream to up to 4 diverse devices concurrently, the drive also can operate the disk drive as a moveable videodisk Writer and finally the wireless disk drive can as well be diametrical with Samsung Smart TV. The advanced disk drive is the quickest of all other wireless disk drives.examination the ideasOnce the innovation team identifies the potential idea, in this case developing an advanced wireless disk drive, they will test it so that they can identify the weak areas that require development. One of the most common system of testing service delivery or product quality is creation of test group. This will enable the innovation team, the customers, and the investors to familiarize with the new product in terms of its functioning and the necessary changes to be made to improve the product. The strategy is to ensure that the product raise interest as well as generati ng more orders. Customers will get interested to the high-quality products such that they will order more products from the company.Execution of the innovation murder If the idea of advanced wireless disk drive passes through the testing process, it can be farther modified and changed until it is ready to be implemented as a component of the company offerings. The execution of execution of instrument is unique for every business. Unless the idea of an advanced wireless disk drive calls for alteration of marketing strategies, then this step for innovation management process should be basic for the company. It will be effortless for Samsung Company to move from testing of the product to the execution if the new product were able to create interest and generate orders in the testing stage (Zacharias, 2011).Assessment of Innovation Life-cycle This is the step that follows after the execution of the business idea. capital punishment should be closely monitored and assessed regar ding the targets to be set. If the target is unattainable, the idea will be turned down life history for developments. Customer is always considered in the execution stage, the team will design measuring systems which can bank note the value added to the customer through application of new strategies. Samsung work under the philosophy of people first.The neighboring step after assessment is starting again, identify new strategies, solutions and inspirations and taking them through the cycle until the company come up with appropriate strategies that ensure value is added to the customers. Over the last two decades, Samsung Electronics utilized a series of turn around strategies that basically altered the approach of managing Samsung Company. The employees will be forced to learn from the new speed. Creativity calls for speed in the processes, inventory turns, functions, data access and market response. The style of management which includes control and command is obsolete and the modern way of business success is accommodating new technologies as well as open leadership styles where leaders consider other peoples opinions. The innovation team has to determine how the problem is defined in order to come up with appropriate strategy. For example, Samsung identified the problem associated to access of media. They decide to solve the problem by developing an advanced wireless disk drive where people can stream at ease. This will help the company to develop and raise ideas based on the need and how to improve the brand darn maintaining low prices. Capacity to come up with new ideas should be one of the most crucial priorities in an organization. Retrieved from http//www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung/Innovation process will also include the Samsungs internal and external elements. The team of innovation includes eight members who are company employees, customers and other stakeholders in the company. The innovation process will consider the followingIndustry and cul tural context. This refers to the environment and socialization existing in Samsung Company. Samsung Company main objective is to produce first-rated product and services. The company officials also are very considerate since they respect other peoples opinions. This cultural background has greatly contributed to the expansion of the company since the employees have learnt to work under minimum supervision. The relationship between employees and the supervisors is excellent. The company is also deeply concerned with the coming(prenominal) path of the employees and thus provides mentoring, training and essential coursework as well as coaching them. The company is also concerned about the employees social life and thus offers tractableness in schedules (Michell, 2010).Employees opinions are also taken seriously so as to involve them in decision making. Decision making is very important and everyone should be involved since decision made will affect every individual related to th e company operations. This employee relationship enhances engagement thus workers are make and thus will be crucial to companys performance. Samsung Company recognizes that a company is its people, thus they operate under the value of integrity. Operations in Samsung are guided by moral values which ensure respect, complete transparency, fairness, for all employees as well as stakeholders (Mellor, 2003).Organizational context Samsungs structure is very distinct because although there are representatives in every sector respect remain paramount in the company. Employees respect their bosses and works under minimum supervision. Moral ethics is fundamental principle in Samsung Company. Samsung Company believes in use technology and innovation instead of control and command. The main goal is to be the best company in product and service. Customer satisfaction is the main objective since Samsung seeks to produce high-quality products while maintaining low prices. Company culture is very crucial since it can shape or break down the company. Samsung operates under team-based culture where employees participate on all levels. Samsung Companys culture is adaptive and therefore has enabled Samsung to outshine its competitors (Haig, 2004).Adaptive culture accommodates change which is very essential for innovation management. It is very imperative for Samsung Company to understand its culture since it will learn to shape it according to their wish. The companys culture has experient changes due to hiring and replacement of employees. New employees bring new values and practices to the companys culture. Thus it is vital to access the company culture by listening to comments from suppliers, customers and the employees. The common behaviors and noticeable symbols comprise the company culture. The team should also determine the want company culture before any change is implemented. Samsung innovation team must find out the appropriate culture that suit the company in its desired future situation. The team will also review the companys mission, values and vision to ensure that the culture being designed will support them effectively. Samsung Company culture is aligned to its strategic goal (Krug, 2009). aline company culture to the strategic goals includes developing a strategy that endorses the good things in the current culture and correcting the unaligned sectors, the team should brainstorm developments in the formal laws and daily duties, the team should develop strategic plan of the desired behaviors and actions, the innovation team should communicate the recent culture to all employees, and finally the innovation team should also over-communicate the recent culture and its practices to every individual.Strategic model of innovationSamsung electronic main focus is strategic innovation endeavors on product improvement which are usually addition and convey diminutive new significance. though the aim might be to improve the brand quality it is also good to consider company culture, resources and network. Samsung can avoid diminishing returns from increased competition by creating a new model for the product. The more the innovation team will succeed in advancement of unique features in their production, product and marketing the more the innovation will be. Samsung uses four main areas to come up with a successful new business model of innovation for secure competitive advantage.The first chief area is the core strategy which implies how the company will compete. The innovation team will develop core strategy such that it includes the company mission with key objectives such as strategic intent and value proposition. The company can use the strength of the current strategy or consider generating a new one. The core strategy should focus on competitive markets, defining the environment, customers and segment. A strategic core strategy is different from that of the competing firms and builds on the companys features and str engths. Samsung Launch of advanced wireless disk drive is a significant step that enables customers to please the quickest wireless streaming from SMART hub. Retrieved from http//www.macworld.com/article/1162103/samsung_announces_new_optical_drive_with_wi_fi_ joinivity.htmlThe innovation team will also focus on strategic resources. Samsung will also highlight the areas that require reorganization and improvement of the existing staff. The team should understand the companys patents, brands and infrastructure. The company resources are expensive to imitate as they are associated to high cost and thus scare off competing firms. The company should use its strengths to improve competition.Customer interface is the other key factor to consider, where Samsung considers the market and the existing competition. Samsung should identify the type of service, channels and support involved or that it controls with the available one so that they can add value to the product. Samsung innovation t eam should also use its clients insight and use every opportunity to improve market understanding and how the market understands the company. Understanding the information requirements of chief customers and their dynamic interaction with the product or company is very important in strategic innovation. Pricing strategies might also be considered since the new product might alter the companys practices (Michell, 2010).Value network is another crucial factor to take into consideration. Samsung should consider the value network from the top to bottom of the value chain. The company stabilizes when it attract more finances and better coalition as compared to its competitors. The rapport between company and its suppliers influence opportunities for faster changes, price and quality of a product. The partners of the company can supply critical solutions and mechanism to the product, or create synergies or symmetries to augment sale. If Samsung innovation costs are projected to be high, the innovation team can consider a coalition even with the competing firm to enhance radical change in the market. The framework of meta-innovation is very important strategy to go for since it challenges the firms to think beyond product quality, markets and processes. Innovation does not necessarily have to be a high cost, but it should be an appropriate idea (Chang, 2008).4. Knowledge deployment Samsung is committed to inspire people across the world by developing innovative products, new technologies and creative solutions. Samsung is changing rapidly to cope with the changing world. The company is relentless in innovation and pursuit of discovery thus creating possibilities. The launch of the wireless disk drive among other excellent products has enabled Samsung to be a world-class company. Samsung innovation has enabled advancement in technology, skyscraper, medicine, semiconductors, hotels, plant construction, finance and petrochemical among other significant application that help to push industries forward. Through creation of superior product and services, Samsung struggle to augment the lives of people across the world and ensuring positive change to the world. Samsung believe in power to connect people to what they are today with what they aspire to be in future. Samsung Company is the leader in high technology digital products such as LCD and color television, EMS micro chip and mobile phones (Michell, 2010).5. Methods of collaboration Samsung has taken full advantage as a latecomer and outshined various leading companies by employing a powerful engineering science of core technology. Samsung does not engage its workers in long working hours, but it believes in innovation management. Samsung work under the philosophy of people first thus they are able to develop products that attract more customers. For example, the wireless disk drive is a very advanced tool that will enable customers to revere wireless streaming among other uses. Samsun g has never thought of quitting transformation and innovation. History reveals how, Kun-Hee Lee, Samsung chairman is excellent in deciding and forecasting. Samsung is also able to be the world leading company because of continuous development and investment. Samsung also changed from massive imitational production to independent product development based on digital technology. Samsung endeavors to make an corporate world through global citizenship and responsible approach to business as well as collaboration with their customers and stakeholders (Krug, 2009).6. Protecting innovation This paper explains how Samsung internalization in China helps it secure a competitive advantage. Samsung has three lasting forces namely promotion force, force of internal motivation and organization force. Promotion force is the company and entrepreneurship culture which control strategic decision making and approach of development of a company and determine the character of a company. Force of int ernal motivation is the capacity in engineering of key technology and its application which forms Samsungs competence. Organizational force is under scientific management which enables Samsung to execute its strategy. Samsung company management involves innovation in reducing transaction cost as well as innovation in utilizing capital. Retrieved from http//www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung/7. Managing risks failure and imitation Diversification is the key strategy that enables Samsung to cope with risk and uncertainty. Samsung philosophy is people first which enable them to develop products that align with customers needs. Samsung chairman is also excellent in forecasting and deciding power which has greatly helped the company to develop products that attract more customers. Samsung success is not measured in terms of achievement, but how they have improved the lives of the people. Samsung also manage risks by changing rapidly to cope with the changing world. Samsung is a leading c ompany in production of high-tech digital products which are unique. For example, the launching of wireless disk drive is a significant step where customers will be attracted by the drive unique characteristics. Samsung strive to make a better world through innovation, authoritative goods and services. Samsung utilizes diversification which helps it to produce differentiated products ranging from LCD and color television, smart phones and EMS memory chip. Customers are able to choose from variety of Samsung products which place the company at a competitive advantage. Samsung also utilizes cost-benefit analysis which helps the company to manage risks and uncertainty. Samsung measure the efficacy of a strategy by testing the ideas mainly through insights from customers, employees or other stakeholders (Kenny, 2009).8. Commercialization Samsung products are widely used across the world. Samsung has enhanced the growth of many businesses that use their high-tech products. Samsung st rive to make the world integrated through advanced technology, finance, medicine, semiconductors, hotels skyscraper, petrochemicals, and plant construction among others. Samsung is made up of more than 78 distinct companies and joint ventures in an extensive assortment of businesses. Samsung objective is to diversify into medicine, wellness and biotechnology. Samsung is recognized as the leader in technology and is now ranks as a top 10 global brand. Diversification strategy has also helped Samsung to develop different products of high quality at cheaper prices as compared to products from other companies for instance, Samsung receive massive sale of smart phones. The company also project that the newly launched advanced wireless disk drive will attract more customers and gain more orders (Arguden, 2011).ReferencesAbout Samsung. (n.d.). Samsung. Retrieved may 22, 2014, from http//www.samsung.com/africa_en/aboutsamsung/Arguden, R. Y. (2011). Keys to governance Strategic leadership for quality of life. Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.Bessant, J. R. (2009). Innovation. capital of the United Kingdom DK.Chang, S. (2008). Sony vs. Samsung the inside story of the electronics giants battle for global supremacy. capital of Singapore Wiley.Day, G. S. (2013). Innovation Prowess Leadership Strategies for Accelerating Growth.. New York Wharton Digital Press.Ernst, H. (2007). Innovation orientation, innovativeness and innovation success. Wiesbaden Gabler.Ghemawat, P., & Siegel, J. I. (2011). Cases about redefining global strategy. Boston, Mass. Harvard subscriber line Pub..Haig, M. (2004). Brand royalty how the worlds top 100 brands thrive and survive. London Kogan Page.Hill, K. (2012). International directory of company histories. Detroit, Mich. St. James Press.Kenny, G. (2009). Diversification strategy how to grow a business by diversifying successfully. London Kogan Page.Krug, J. A. (2009). Corporate strategy. London SAGE.Mellor, R. B. (2003). Innovation management (1. ed.). Nrum Globe.Michell, T. (2010). Samsung Electronics and the struggle for leadership of the electronics industry. Singapore Wiley.Samsung Receives 49 Awards across binary Product Categories at CES 2014. (2014, January 15). Health & Beauty Close-Up, 23, 43. (2014). Samsung S5 to feature biometric access control and secure mobile PayPal. Biometric engine room Today, 2014(3), 1.Samsung announces new optical drive with Wi-Fi connectivity. (n.d.). Macworld. Retrieved May 22, 2014, from http//www.macworld.com/article/1162103/samsung_announces_new_optical_drive_with_wi_fi_connectivity.html(2007). Samsung does six sigma A case study on supply chain management. Strategic Direction, 23(9), 15-17.Trauffler, G., & Tschirky, H. (2007). Sustained innovation management assimilating radical and incremental innovation management. Basingstoke England Palgrave Macmillan in association with the European Institute for Technology and Innovation Management.Trott, P. (2008). Innovation management an d new product development (4th ed.). Harlow, England Financial Times/Prentice Hall.Welcome to Samsung. (n.d.). Samsung. Retrieved May 22, 2014, from http//www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung/Zacharias, N. (2011). An integrative approach to innovation management patterns of companies innovation orientation and customer responses to product program innovativeness. Wiesbaden Gabler Verlag.Source document